1Calm
Chitta Sthirta Dhyan
Slow, rhythmic breathingModerate evidence
- In the practice
- Five to ten minutes of slow, deep breathing and rhythmic meditation to settle the mind before learning.
- What research shows
- Reviews of slow-breathing studies link it to calmer body signals, such as heart-rate variability, and to feeling more relaxed and alert.
- Keep in mind
- Most studies are small and use different breathing patterns, so exact effects vary.
Sources: Zaccaro et al., 2018
2Write
Mantra Alekhan
Writing by handMixed evidence
- In the practice
- Slowly writing the mantra ॐ ऐँ नमः in the booklet, with full attention on each letter and its sound.
- What research shows
- Writing by hand helps people learn new letters and symbols more quickly than typing or only looking at them.
- Keep in mind
- For everyday note-taking, results are mixed: an early study favoured handwriting, but a larger follow-up did not find a clear advantage.
Sources: Wiley & Rapp, 2021 · Mueller & Oppenheimer, 2014 · Morehead et al., 2019
3Chant
Mantra Japa
Mantra meditationModerate evidence
- In the practice
- Chanting the mantra aloud or silently while hearing, seeing and writing it — one focused, multisensory activity.
- What research shows
- A review of controlled trials found mantra-based meditation helps with stress, anxiety and overall mental wellbeing.
- Keep in mind
- Direct evidence that chanting improves memory itself is still limited.
Sources: Álvarez-Pérez et al., 2022
4Visualise
Saraswati Krupa Prasad Dhyan
MeditationModerate evidence
- In the practice
- A few minutes of quiet contemplation and visualisation, resting in a calm, receptive state.
- What research shows
- A large analysis of 111 randomised trials found meditation practice gives small but real improvements in attention and other thinking skills. Brain-imaging research shows meditation reliably engages attention and self-regulation networks.
- Keep in mind
- Effects are modest and build up with regular practice over weeks.
Sources: Zainal & Newman, 2024 · Baten et al., 2026 · Hölzel et al., 2011
5Apply & test
Swadhyaya
Retrieval practiceStrong evidence
- In the practice
- Study straight after the practice, then answer six recall questions — one for each memory skill.
- What research shows
- Testing yourself is one of the most reliable ways to make learning last. Spacing practice over days strengthens memory further.
- Keep in mind
- Works best when practice is regular and the questions make you actually recall, not just recognise.
Sources: Roediger & Karpicke, 2006 · McDermott, 2021 · Cepeda et al., 2006